Better Health for All
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GM's core business, motor vehicles, has inherent negative health impacts from crashes and emissions. However, the company is committed to a vision of zero crashes, zero emissions, and zero congestion, with major investments in electric vehicles (EVs) and autonomous vehicles (AVs) projected to reduce air pollution and save lives. In 2022, GM vehicles had the lowest fatality rate of any major automaker in the United States.
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Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) have significantly reduced various types of crashes, for example, automatic emergency braking reduced rear-end striking crashes by 42%.
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GM customers have driven over 145 million hands-free miles with Super Cruise with zero attributed crashes.
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However, in 2024, GM recalled 107 Bolt EV and EUV vehicles due to a battery charging fire risk.
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In March 2023, 19 safety and health violations were identified at the Ultium Cells LLC EV battery plant, a joint venture, with a proposed fine of $270,091.
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Regarding risk transparency, GM paid a $145.8 million penalty in July 2024 for 5.9 million vehicles (2012-2018 models) that emitted more carbon dioxide than reported, indicating incomplete disclosure of health risks.
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GM has significant negative health externalities, including past excess CO2 emissions and a 2018 lawsuit alleging groundwater contamination from road salt.
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Thousands of fatalities annually are linked to distracted and impaired driving. Substantial remediation efforts include a commitment to carbon neutrality by 2040,
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plans to eliminate tailpipe emissions from new light-duty vehicles by 2035,
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and contracts to match 100% of its U.S. facilities' electricity with renewable energy by 2025.
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The EV transition is projected to prevent millions of childhood asthma attacks and save hundreds of infant lives by 2050.
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GM engages in substantial addiction mitigation efforts by working with NHTSA on the Driver Alcohol Detection System for Safety (DADSS) to develop technologies to detect driver alcohol use.
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The company also collaborates with MADD for over two decades to combat drunk and drugged driving.
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Fair Money & Economic Opportunity
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The provided articles do not contain specific, concrete data points relevant to the KPIs under the 'Fair Money & Economic Opportunity' value. Information regarding worker wages, general economic contributions, and corporate financial strategies like share repurchases and dividends falls outside the scope of this value, which focuses on financial services, fair pricing, and wealth uplift for underserved populations through lending or deposit services.
Fair Pay & Worker Respect
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In 2023, General Motors received 19 Notices of Violation, with 18 in the United States
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, and paid three penalties exceeding $10,000.
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Additionally, in October 2023, the U.S. Labor Department identified 19 safety and health violations at Ultium Cells LLC, a GM joint venture, proposing fines of $270,091.
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The company's CEO-to-median employee pay ratio was 310-to-1 in 2024.
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Approximately 27.78% of GM's total workforce of 162,000 employees are represented by the UAW.
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The Recordable Incident Rate (TRIR) for GM employees, contracted workers, and contractors was 1.33 per 200,000 work hours in 2023
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, with zero fatalities reported in the same year.
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Fair Trade & Ethical Sourcing
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GM's standard contracts with its direct suppliers incorporate a comprehensive Supplier Code of Conduct and General Terms and Conditions.
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These include robust, enforceable ethical-sourcing clauses that prohibit child labor, forced labor, human rights abuses, and require responsible sourcing.
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Enforcement measures range from rectification to suspending or terminating business relationships.
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In 2023, GM spent $8.5 billion with North American diverse Tier I and Tier II suppliers, representing approximately 7.7% of the company's approximate total supply chain spend of $110 billion in 2024.
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,
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Honest & Fair Business
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General Motors incurred approximately $147.8 million in ethics-related regulatory fines in the past three years.
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This includes a $145.8 million penalty from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) for fuel economy compliance issues
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and $2 million from its Cruise self-driving unit for providing misleading information to NHTSA regarding crash incidents.
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The company's board has 12 out of 13 independent directors, representing 92.3% of the board.
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GM maintains an anti-corruption policy, with 100% of global salaried employees and contract workers completing annual online training that includes anti-corruption content, and utilizes third-party due diligence and oversight to manage corruption.
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GM has a comprehensive "Speak Up! Non-Retaliation Policy" that applies company-wide, including to subsidiaries, and offers an independent third-party operated Awareline for anonymous reporting in multiple languages, 24/7.
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Kind to Animals
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General Motors prohibits conducting or commissioning any animal testing for research or vehicle development, either directly or indirectly
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, and stopped using animals in crash tests in 1993.
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The company manages nearly 5,000 acres of wildlife habitats across 62 sites in 13 countries
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, with facilities like Spring Hill Manufacturing
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and Alvear Industrial Complex
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receiving Gold Conservation Certification from the Wildlife Habitat Council for enhancing biodiversity and promoting wildlife conservation.
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GM is a founding member of the Climate Equity Collaborative with the National Wildlife Federation, donating $1 million to the initiative
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, and has engaged in discussions with PETA.
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No War, No Weapons
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General Motors' defense subsidiary, GM Defense, heavily leverages dual-use technology. Its Infantry Squad Vehicle (ISV), a key military product, is based on the Chevrolet Colorado ZR2 midsize truck
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and utilizes approximately 90 percent commercial-off-the-shelf components.
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Additionally, GM Defense is developing all-electric military concept vehicles by integrating commercially available battery electric systems, such as the Ultium Platform, into military platforms.
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Planet-Friendly Business
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General Motors' total Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions in 2024 were approximately 390.75 million tCO2e.
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Scope 3 emissions from the use of sold products increased by 3% since the 2018 baseline and by 12% in the last year.
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GM's Scope 1, 2, and 3 targets, validated by SBTi, are aligned with the Business Ambition Pledge for 1.5ºC, with a 72% reduction target for Scope 1 and 2 by 2035
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and a 51% reduction in Scope 3 per-kilometer emissions from new light-duty vehicles by 2035.
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Global renewable electricity consumption was 51% in 2024.
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, with a target to reach 100% for U.S. sites by the end of 2025
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and globally by 2035.
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GM achieved a waste diversion rate of 94.6% in 2024, exceeding its 2025 goal.
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In 2024, 89% of direct and logistics suppliers (by budgeted annual purchase value) participated in CDP, and 90% enrolled in the EcoVadis platform.
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In 2023, GM received 19 Notices of Violation, 18 of which were in the United States, and paid three penalties over $10,000.
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GM has a target to achieve carbon neutrality in global products and operations by 2040,
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with interim targets to eliminate tailpipe emissions from new light-duty vehicles by 2035
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and reduce Scope 1 and 2 GHG emissions by 72% by 2035.
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GM prepares TCFD reports, guided by its recommendations.
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It conducts comprehensive climate scenario analysis, assessing its business against 1.5°C, 2–2.5°C, and 4°C pathways, and applying multiple IEA pathways including NZE by 2050, Sustainable Development Scenario, and Stated Policies Scenario.
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Respect for Cultures & Communities
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GM has been criticized for failing to respect Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC) for its investment in the Thacker Pass lithium mine
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, which is alleged to violate Indigenous Peoples' right to self-determination
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and impact sacred land
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. Reports indicate a lack of adequate consultation with Tribes regarding this mine
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, and several affected Tribes were not included in or gave any FPIC
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, effectively resulting in 0% participation for these communities
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. GM has received multiple communications from affected Indigenous communities regarding this project but has taken no action to ensure its commitments are fulfilled
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, indicating a systematic dismissal of the incident
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. This incident also constitutes a disruption to a cultural or heritage site without evidence of active remediation. Despite these issues, GM has established over 40 formal partnership agreements with local and environmental community groups
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, including 40 certified programs with the Wildlife Habitat Council
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, and partnerships with organizations like Partnership With Native Americans
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, Texan by Nature
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, and American YouthWorks
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. The company provides a GM Awareline accessible to employees and suppliers' stakeholders to report concerns anonymously
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, and its Human Rights Policy, Code of Conduct, and corporate training courses are available in 7-9 languages
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, with the Awareline supporting over a dozen languages
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.
Safe & Smart Tech
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General Motors faced significant regulatory scrutiny for unauthorized data collection and sale. In January 2025, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) took action against GM and its subsidiary OnStar for the unauthorized collection and sale of drivers' precise geolocation and driving behavior data to consumer reporting agencies and insurance companies without proper consent.
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This followed an August 2024 lawsuit by the Texas Attorney General, accusing GM of collecting detailed driving data from over 14 million vehicles without consent and selling it to insurers.
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In response, GM discontinued its Smart Driver program, terminated third-party telematics relationships with LexisNexis and Verisk, and is under a five-year ban from sharing data with consumer reporting agencies as part of a 20-year FTC agreement.
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The FTC consent order includes new measures for customer data collection choices, indicating a reactive integration of privacy-by-design principles.
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GM is expanding a privacy program to provide customers in all 50 states with options to access and delete their personal information.
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The company has a Security Vulnerability Disclosure Program and collaborates with the security research community.
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GM established a Risk and Cybersecurity Committee to oversee risks and conducted a cybersecurity simulation exercise with the FBI in 2024.
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In March 2025, GM appointed its first Chief Artificial Intelligence Officer.
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Zero Waste & Sustainable Products
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In 2023, GM achieved a 94.6% operational waste diversion rate
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and targets more than 90% diversion of operational waste from landfills by 2025.
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GM facilities worldwide monitor, measure, and report monthly on over 15,500 byproduct streams.
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Waste reduction initiatives include recycling 104 metric tons of expired COVID PPE
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, reusing over 100,000 metric tons of sand for habitat restoration
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, and diverting over 7,000 tons of office furniture from landfills with a 99.9% diversion rate.
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During its Factory ZERO conversion, GM recycled over 140,000 tons of materials
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and reused over 105,000 tons.
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The company also partnered to procure Verdex steel, an advanced steel product made with up to 90% recycled content.
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Additionally, GM provides information for vehicle dismantlers on how to handle and recycle EV batteries.
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However, in 2023, GM received 19 Notices of Violation for waste disposal, 18 in the United States
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, and paid three penalties exceeding $10,000.
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